第十二章 明尼苏达州中医学院迟程教授云南中医学院针灸学双语

授课要点及重点复习题（第二部分）

上篇 针灸理论  The first part  acupuncture  theory

第一章    经络总论

The First Chapter  Meridian Theory

一、 经络的定义:

 I , Meridian’s definition

1,经络是人体运行气血的通道,包括经脉和络脉: It is Channel which carries  Qi and Blood 1,move, including Meridians and Collaterals.

2,经：路径

2,Meridian, Channel ：path or way

3,经脉——贯通上下，沟通内外

3,Meridian:   open from upper to lower,  penetrate from internal to outside

4,主干，深，里（经络的主体部分）

4,Main trunk, deep, interior (main parts of meridians )

5,络：网络

5,Collaterals: nets

6,络脉——经脉别出的分支，较经脉细小，纵横交错，遍布全身

      ——分支，浅，表。 

    6,Collaterals: branch small nets from meridians. Smaller than meridian. They are isscross, distributed all body.---- branch, shallow, exterior

分支branch

浅  shallow

表  exterior

7,经络是人体联络脏腑肢节、沟通上下内外, 运行气血、协调阴阳、调节人体各部的通路。7,Channels and collaterals are paths which contact with Zang-Fu organs, limbs open from upper to lower, penetrate from interior to outside, carry Qi -Blood, modify Yin-Yang   and regulate human bodies.

8,“经”有路径的含义，是直行的主干；“络”有网络的含义，为侧行的分支。

8,“Meridian ” means path or way, it is straight channels.  “collateral” means nets, it is Branch channels. (see picture )

9,经气(meridian-Qi)：即经络之气，概指经络运行之气及其功能活动。

9,Meridian-Qi, namely meridian’s Qi, directly indicates the Qi which moves in channels and  Qi’s functional activities.

经脉与络脉的比较 

二、 经络学说的形成

 II , Productions of the Meridians and collaterals

1,“针感”等传导的观察（经络敏感人，内经五种针感，练气功感应）。

1,Observation of “Needle feeling”   (sensitive persons , five different needle feelings from Huang Di Nie Jing, sensitive response from Qi Gong exercise )

2,腧穴疗效的总结，如井荥输经合

2,Effective summary from acupoints, for example, such as Five Shu  Jing , Ying , Shu , Jing, He points

3,体表病理现象的推理

3,Illation of body surface pathology

4,解剖、生理知识的启发

4,Inspiration of Anatomical and physical knowledge 

5,举例：内经中古人把血管当做经脉，“目可视之，切可得之，刺可出血” 

5,For example: blood vessels as a meridian in ancient time in China. “Eye can see, Checking can feel, Prick can bleed. ” 

三、 经络系统的组成及功能 P5

III, Composition and functions of meridian and collateral systems

第一节 经络系统的组成 P5

The first section: composition of meridian and collaterals

1,经络系统由经脉和络脉组成

1,Meridian and collateral system is composed by meridians and collaterals

2,经脉由十二经脉, 络脉， 十二经筋和十二皮部组成

2,Meridians are composed by twelve meridians，collaterals ，twelve muscle regions and twelve cutaneous regions.

4,奇经八脉

4,Eight Extra Meridians)

5,十二经脉的十二经别

5,Twelve divergent meridians)、

6,十二经筋

6,Twelve muscle regions

7,十二皮部

7,Twelve cutaneous regions 

8,十五络脉

8,Fifteen collaterals

9,络脉由十五络脉和孙络、浮络组成

,Collaterals are composed by fifteen collaterals, grandson collaterals and floating collaterals.

第二节  经络系统的组成的细则

一， 十二经脉

I，Name of 12 meridians

1，手太阴肺经11：Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

2，手阳明大肠经20:Large Intestine Meridian of Hang- Yang Ming, LI

3，足阳明胃经45:Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yang Ming, ST

4，足太阴脾经21: Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

5，手少阴心经9: Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

6，手太阳小肠经19:Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

7，足太阳膀胱经67:Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL

8，足少阴肾经   27:Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shao Yin, KI

9，手厥阴心包经 9 ：Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

10，手少阳三焦经23：San Jiao Meridian of Hand –Shao Yang, SJ

11，足少阳胆经  44: Gallbladder Meridian of Foot –Shao Yang, GB

12，足厥阴肝经  14：Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

13，督脉: Du Meridian28， DU

14，任脉: Ren Meridian24， RN

二 十二经脉的分布规律

II Rule of distribution of 12 meridians

1，由手足、阴阳、脏腑三部分组成。

1，Build by Hand, Yin-Yang and Zang-Fu

2，手对应手，足对应足

2，Hand to hand, foot to foot

3，太阴对应阳明　厥阴对应少阳, 少阴对应太阳

3，Tai Yin to Yang Ming, Jue Yin to Shao Yang; Shao Yin to Tai Yang

4，相表里的脏与腑互相对应

4，Exterior to interior of Zang-Fu

5，四肢：阴经：肢体内侧；阳经：肢体外侧

5，Four limbs: Yin meridian: limb internal side,  limb external side

6，共性：太阴、阳明→前缘;少阴、太阳→后缘;厥阴、少阳→中线

6，Common characteristics : Tai Yin， Yang Ming →front area; Shao Yin, Tai Yang →behind area; Jue Yin, Shao Yang→middle area

7，特殊性：（足）厥阴→前缘；太阴→中间；少阴→后缘

7，Special characteristics: Jue Yin → front area; Tai Yin→middle area; Shao Yin→ behind area

三，十二经脉属络表里关系

III Exterior and interior relationship of twelve meridians’ Zang-Fu

四十二经脉的与脏腑器官的联系 见图表1-2

VI Relationship with Zang –Fu and organs of 12 meridians

See the above table 1-2

五 十二经脉的循行走向和交接规律循环流注规律：见教材P8页

 V Rule of 12 meridian recycle and connections: Recycle rule: see  <<Acupuncture>> page 8

1，阴升阳降

1，Yin ascent , Yang descent

2，手三阴

2，Hand three Yin channels：

3，胸走手；

3，chest to hand

4，手三阳

4，hand three yang channels

5，手走手

5，hand to head

6，足三阳

6，the three yang channels of the foot

7，头走足

7，head to foot

8，足三阴

8，the three yin channels of the foot)：

9，足走腹

9，foot to abdomen

See Picture

六 十二经脉的气血循环流注

VI，Qi and blood recycle of twelve meridian

 1，首尾相接，如环无端

1，Hand connects end as a cycle.

2，阴经与阳经在四肢末端相接，阳经与阳经在头面相接，阴经在胸腹部相接

2，Yin meridians connect Yang meridian in end of four limbs. Yang meridians connect Yang meridian in head or face areas. Yin meridians connect in chest or abdomen areas.

3，始于肺经，至肝经而终。

3，Beginning from Lung median , final from Liver meridian.

Dictation of vocabulary

联络contact with

脏腑Zang-Fu

肢节limbs

沟通open

上下from upper to lower

内外interior to outside

运行carry

气血 Qi -Blood

协调阴阳modify Yin-Yang   

调节人体regulate human bodies.

经络系统由经脉和络脉组成: Meridian and collateral system is composed by meridians and collaterals

奇经八脉:Eight Extra Meridians

十二经别:Twelve divergent meridians)、

十二经筋:Twelve muscle regions

十二皮部:Twelve cutaneous regions 

十五络脉

Fifteen collaterals十五络脉

首尾相接，如环无端:Hand connects end as a cycle.

始于肺经，至肝经而终:Beginning from Lung median , final from Liver meridian.

阴升阳降:Yin ascent , Yang descent

手三阴：Hand three Yin channels：

胸走手：chest to hand

手三阳：hand three Yang channels

手走手：hand to head：

足三阳：the three yang channels of the foot

头走足：head to foot：

足三阴：the three yin channels of the foot：

足走腹：foot to abdomen

1，手太阴肺经11：Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

2，手阳明大肠经20:Large Intestine Meridian of Hang- Yang Ming, LI

3，足阳明胃经45:Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yang Ming, ST

4，足太阴脾经21: Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

5，手少阴心经9: Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

6，手太阳小肠经19:Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

7，足太阳膀胱经67:Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL

8，足少阴肾经   27:Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shao Yin, KI

9，手厥阴心包经 9 ：Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

10，手少阳三焦经23：San Jiao Meridian of Hand –Shao Yang, SJ

11，足少阳胆经  44: Gallbladder Meridian of Foot –Shao Yang, GB

12，足厥阴肝经  14：Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

13，督脉: Du Meridian28， DU

14，任脉: Ren Meridian24， RN

由手足、阴阳、脏腑三部分组成：Build by Hand, Yin-Yang and Zang-Fu

手对应手，足对应足：Hand to hand, foot to foot

太阴对应阳明　厥阴对应少阳, 少阴对应太阳：Tai Yin to Yang Ming, Jue Yin to Shao Yang;                    Shao Yin to Tai Yang

相表里的脏与腑互相对应：Exterior to interior of Zang-Fu

四肢：阴经：肢体内侧；阳经：肢体外侧：Four limbs: Yin meridian: limb medial side,  limb lateral side

共性：太阴、阳明→前缘;少阴、太阳→后缘;厥阴、少阳→中线: Common characteristics : Tai Yin， Yang Ming →: Anterior area; Shao Yin, Tai Yang →posterior area; Jue Yin, Shao Yang→middle area

特殊性：（足）厥阴→前缘；太阴→中间；少阴→后缘：Special characteristics: Jue Yin →:   Anterior area; Tai Yin→middle area; Shao Yin→ posterior area

目可视之eye can see

切可得之checking can feel

刺可出血 prick can bleed

解剖 anatomy

生理 physiology

启发inspiration

Quiz 2,

中翻英

(1)经络是人体运行气血的通道,包括经脉和络脉

(2)有加强表里两经在体表的联系和渗灌气血的作用

英翻中

(1)Yin meridians connect Yang meridian in end of four limbs. Yang meridians connect Yang meridian in head or face areas. Yin meridians connect in chest or abdomen areas.

(2)Meridians are composed by twelve meridians，collaterals ，twelve muscle regions and twelve cutaneous regions.

填空题, 用中文填空

 2， Yin meridians connect Yang meridian in  (end of four limbs.)

 3，Yang meridians connect Yang meridian in (head or face areas.)

 4，Direction of 12 meridian recycle ： the three Yang channels of the foot are (head to foot)

 5， Direction of 12 meridian recycle ： the three Yin channels of the foot are (foot to abdomen)

选择题：以下有1-5个答案都能是正确的，请选择。

1，手太阴肺经的英文表示法是____________________.

A, Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

B, Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

C, Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

D, Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

E, Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

2, 足少阳胆经的英文表示法是____________________.

A, Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

B, Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

C, Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

D, Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

E, Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

3, 手少阴心经的英文表示法是____________________.

A, Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

B, Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

C, Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

D, Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

E, Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

4, 手厥阴心包经的英文表示法是____________________.

A, Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

B, Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

C, Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

D, Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

E, Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

5,足太阴脾经经的英文表示法是____________________.

A, Heart Liver Meridian of Foot -Jue Yin, LR

B, Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

C, Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

D, Lung Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin, LU

E, Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

6, Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL has _______________points.

A,67

B, 27

C, 9

D, 23

E, 44

7， Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shao Yin, KI

A,67

B, 27

C, 9

D, 23

E, 44

8， Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

A,67

B, 27

C, 9

D, 23

E, 44

9， San Jiao Meridian of Hand –Shao Yang, SJ

A,67

B, 27

C, 9

D, 23

E, 44

10，Gallbladder Meridian of Foot –Shao Yang, GB

A,67

B, 27

C, 9

D, 23

E, 44

11，Meridian and collaterals system is composed of  _______________________。

A, twelve meridians

B, 15 collaterals 

C, twelve divergent meridians

D, twelve muscle regions

E, the all above

12，Eight Extra belongs to________________.

A, twelve meridians

B, 15 collaterals 

C, twelve divergent meridians

D, twelve muscle regions

E, the all above

13, Twelve divergent meridians belong to_______________

A, twelve meridians

B, 15 collaterals 

C, twelve divergent meridians

D, twelve muscle regions

E, the all above

14, Major collateral of the Spleen belongs to

A, twelve meridians

B, 15 collaterals 

C, twelve divergent meridians

D, twelve muscle regions

E, the all above

15, Floating collaterals on body surface

A, twelve meridians

B, 15 collaterals 

C, twelve divergent meridians

D, twelve muscle regions

E, the all above

顺时针， 逆时针

16，Meridian of Hand-Tai Yin connects with ________________ in clockwise  

A，Large Intestine Meridian of Hang- Yang Ming, LI

B，Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yang Ming, ST

C，Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

D，Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

E，Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

17，Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP connects with _______________in anticlockwise

A，Large Intestine Meridian of Hang- Yang Ming, LI

B，Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yang Ming, ST

C，Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

D，Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

E，Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

18，Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT connects with ________________ in anticlockwise

A，Large Intestine Meridian of Hang- Yang Ming, LI

B，Stomach Meridian of Foot-Yang Ming, ST

C，Spleen Meridian of Foot –Tai Yin, SP

D，Heart Meridian of Hand-Shao Yin, HT

E，Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

19，Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL connect with ________________in clockwise.

A,Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

B,Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL

C,Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shao Yin, KI

D,Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

E,San Jiao Meridian of Hand –Shao Yang, SJ

20，Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI connects with _____________ in clockwise

A,Small Intestine Meridian of Hand-Tai Yang,SI

B,Bladder Meridian of Foot-Tai Yang, BL

C,Kidney Meridian of Foot-Shao Yin, KI

D,Pericardium Meridian  of Hand - Jue Yin PC

E,San Jiao Meridian of Hand –Shao Yang, SJ

二， 奇经八脉：

II, Eight Extra Channels (Qi Jing Ba Mai)

1， 督:Du Meridian或Governor Channel、

2， 任:Ren Meridian或Conception (the process by which male and female sex cells join together in a woman”s body and the woman become pregnant) vessel

3， 冲:chong Meridian or The Penetrating Vessel

4， 带:Dai Meridian or Belt vessel

5， 阴维:Yinwei meridian or Yin link vessel

6， 阳维:Yangwei Meridian or Yang link Vessel

7， 阴跷:Yinqiao meridian or Yin Heel vessel

8， 阳跷:Yangqiao meridian or yang Heel vessel。

（一）何谓奇经?

（I）What is extra channels?

1,分布不象十二经脉那样规则，同脏腑没有直接的相互络属

1,No regular such as 12 meridians, no direct connection with Zang-Fu

2,相互之间无表里配偶关系：

2,No relationship between  exterior and interior

3,它与十二正经不同，故称“奇经”

3,It is not same as 12 meridians , so called extra channels or meridians.

(二)作用：

（II）Action

1，沟通了十二经脉之间的联系；

1，Open relationship with 12 meridians

2，对十二经脉的气血有着蓄积和渗灌的调节作用

2，It modifies 12 meridian’s Qi and Blood storage and regulation.

3，“阳脉之海”: Yang Meridian’s sea

4，“阴脉之海”: Yin meridian’s Sea

5，“血海”: blood sea: Chong meridian

（三） 关于带脉，冲脉，阴阳跷脉，阴阳维脉

(III)About Dai meridian(Belt Vessel), Chong Meridian or The Penetrating Vessel， Yin, Yang Qiao meridian(Heel Vessel), Yin and Yang Wei meridians(Link Vessel)

1，带脉：围腰一周，犹如束带，能约束纵行诸脉.

1，Dai meridian is around lumbar such as a band, it can control vertical meridians

2，冲脉：十二经之海，（血海）

2，Chong Meridian or The Penetrating Vessel， Twelve meridian’s  blood sea

3，阴阳跷脉，跷有轻健跷捷之意，有濡养眼目，司眼睑开合和下肢运动的功能。

3，Yin and Yang Qiao meridians. Qiao means lightening tendon, moist eye, opening eyes and lower limb’s functions.  

4， 阴阳维脉

4，Yin and Yang Wei meridians(Link Vessel)

维，有维系之意。

 Wei means maintain or support.

阴维、阳维维系诸阴和诸阳 

Yin Wei and Yang Wei mean to maintain both Yin and Yang Wei balance

（四）奇经八脉的作用

 (IV)   Action of Eight Extra Meridians 

1, 沟通了十二经脉之间的联系

1, Open relationship between 12 meridians .

2,  将部位相近、功能相似的经脉联系起来，达到统摄有关经脉气血、协调阴阳的作用

2, Connect meridians which have same locations and functions, govern Qi, blood, Yin and Yang

3, 对十二经气血有蓄积和渗灌的调节作用

3, It modifies 12 meridian’s Qi and Blood storage and regulation.

4,  当十二经脉气血旺盛时，奇经八脉能加以蓄积，当人体功能活动需要时，奇经八脉又能渗灌供应 

4, When 12 meridian’s Qi and blood are rich enough, Extra channels can store. When human body needed, extra channels can relieve or provide.

Dictation of vocabulary

督:Du Meridian或Governor Channel、

任:Ren Meridian或

冲:chong Meridian or The Penetrating Vessel

带:Dai Meridian or Belt vessel

阴维:Yinwei meridian or Yin link vessel

阳维:Yangwei Meridian or Yang link Vessel

阴跷:Yinqiao meridian or Yin Heel vessel

阳跷:Yangqiao meridian or yang Heel vessel

“阳脉之海”: Yang Meridian’s sea

“阴脉之海”: Yin meridian’s Sea

“血海”: blood sea: Chong meridian

Quiz of Eight extra meridian 

1中翻英

(1)当十二经脉气血旺盛时，奇经八脉能加以蓄积，当人体功能活动需要时，奇经八脉又能渗灌供应 

(2)阴阳跷脉，跷有轻健跷捷之意，有濡养眼目，司眼睑开合和下肢运动的功能

2,英翻中

(1)Connect meridians which have same locations and functions, govern Qi, blood, Yin and Yang

(2)About Dai meridian(Belt Vessel), Chong Meridian or The Penetrating Vessel， Yin, Yang Qiao meridian(Heel Vessel), Yin and Yang Wei meridians(Link Vessel)

3, 多选题，1-5个答案可选，选错不得分。

1, Dai meridian is

A, Twelve meridian’s  blood sea

B，around lumbar such as a band, it can control vertical meridians

C，to maintain both Yin and Yang Wei balance

D，to mean lightening tendon, moist eye, opening eyes and lower limb’s functions.  

2, Chong Meridian is

A, Twelve meridian’s  blood sea

B，around lumbar such as a band, it can control vertical meridians

C，to maintain both Yin and Yang Wei balance

D，to mean lightening tendon, moist eye, opening eyes and lower limb’s functions.  

3,  Yin and Yang Qiao meridians are

A, Twelve meridian’s  blood sea

B，around lumbar such as a band, it can control vertical meridians

C，to maintain both Yin and Yang Wei balance

D，to mean lightening tendon, moist eye, opening eyes and lower limb’s functions.  

4, Yin and Yang Wei meridians(Link Vessel) are

A, Twelve meridian’s  blood sea

B，around lumbar such as a band, it can control vertical meridians

C，to maintain both Yin and Yang Wei balance

D，to mean lightening tendon, moist eye, opening eyes and lower limb’s functions.  

5, Du Meridian means______________

A, Belt vessel

B, Governor Channel

C, Conception Vessel

D, The Penetrating Vessel

6, Ren Meridian means______________

A, Belt vessel

B, Governor Channel

C, Conception Vessel

D, The Penetrating Vessel

7, Dai Meridian means______________

A, Belt vessel

B, Governor Channel

C, Conception Vessel

D, The Penetrating Vessel

8, Chong Meridian means______________

A, Belt vessel

B, Governor Channel

C, Conception Vessel

D, The Penetrating Vessel

9, Yin Wei Meridian means______________

A, Yin link vessel

B, Yang link Vessel

C, Yin Heel vessel

D, Yang Heel vessel

10, Yang Qiao Meridian means______________

A, Yin link vessel

B, Yang link Vessel

C, Yin Heel vessel

D, Yang Heel vessel

11, Yang Wei Meridian means______________

A, Yin link vessel

B, Yang link Vessel

C, Yin Heel vessel

D, Yang Heel vessel

12, Yin Qiao  Meridian means______________

A, Yin link vessel

B, Yang link Vessel

C, Yin Heel vessel

D, Yang Heel vessel

13, Du meridians is _____________

A, Yang Meridian’s sea  

B, Yin meridian’s Sea

C, Blood’s sea

D, Nutrition’s sea

14, Chong meridians is _____________

A, Yang Meridian’s sea  

B, Yin meridian’s Sea

C, Blood’s sea

D, Nutrition’s sea

15, Ren meridians is _____________

A, Yang Meridian’s sea  

B, Yin meridian’s Sea

C, Blood’s sea

D, Nutrition’s sea

16, Stomach meridians is _____________

A, Yang Meridian’s sea  

B, Yin meridian’s Sea

C, Blood’s sea

D, Nutrition’s sea

三，十五络  15 Collaterals

III,   Fifteen Collaterals

n “十五络” 

15  Collaterals

（一）组成：十二经脉之络, 任督二脉之络, 脾之大络

(I) Competition of  the collaterals of  12 meridians, The collaterals of Ren and Du, Major collateral of the Spleen

1, 概念：十二经脉和任、督二脉各自别出一络，加上脾之大络，总计１５条，称为十五络脉。

Concept:  Each one among 12 meridian and Ren, Du divides a collaterals. Adding a branch collateral called “Major collateral of the Spleen”, total collaterals are 15.

2, 特点：一　均从本经四肢肘膝关节以下的络穴分出；二　走向相表里的经脉。

Characteristics: all come from points under the knee joints;  toward to exterior and interior.

3, 作用：加强了表里两经之间的联系，沟通了表里两经的经气，补充了十二经脉循行的不足。

Action: strengthen relationship of both exterior and interior meridians or collaterals, open both exterior and interior meridian’s Qi and supplement recycle of 12 meridians.

(II)十五络脉分布及作用

(II) 15 collaterals’ distributions and actions

1，络脉  

1，collaterals

2，孙络——从络脉中分出的细小分支

2，Sun collaterals: more thin branch from collaterals

   3，浮络——浮行于浅表部位的络脉

   3，Fu collaterals: floating collaterals on the  shallow surface

4，血络——出现郁瘀血现象的络脉

4，Blood collaterals:  collaterals of blood stasis or stagnation 

(三) 特点及功能

（III）Characteristic and Action

1、十二经脉络穴均从四肢肘膝关节以下本经络穴分出均走向表里经脉，加强表里经之间的联系。

1， Points of 12 meridians’ collaterals all are spread under the knee to the exterior or interior meridians. They strengthen connections of exterior and interior.

2、任脉络穴从鸠尾分出，散布于腹部，沟通了腹部经气。

2， Ren meridian’s collaterals are come from Jiu Wei (R15) It scatters  abdominal  area and opens abdominal  meridian’s Qi

3、督脉别络从长强分出，散布于头部，沟通了背部经气。

3， Du (Governor vessel ) collateral is come from Chang Qiang(D1) . It scatters  head area and opens back meridian’s Qi

4、脾之大络从大包分出，散布于胸胁，沟通了侧胸部经气。

4， Major collateral of the Spleen is come from Chang Qiang(D1) . It scatters chest or rib area and opens side chest meridian’s Qi.

Dictation of vocabulary 

十五络:15  Collaterals

特点： characteristics

孙络：Grandson collaterals

浮络 floating

络脉：collaterals

血络：Blood collaterals:  collaterals of blood stasis or stagnation 

沟通腹部经气：Open abdomen meridian’s Qi

沟通背部经气：Open back meridian’s Qi

沟通侧胸部经气：Open side chest meridian’s Qi

难以计数，遍布全身：Countless , spread whole body

Quiz of 15 collaterals

1中翻英

(1) 作用：加强了表里两经之间的联系，沟通了表里两经的经气，补充了十二经脉循行的不足。

(2) , 特点：一　均从本经四肢肘膝关节以下的络穴分出；二　走向相表里的经脉。

2,英翻中

(1) Concept:  Each one among 12 meridian and Ren, Du divides a collaterals. Adding a branch collateral called “Major collateral of the Spleen”, total collaterals are 15.

(2)   Action: strengthen relationship of both exterior and interior meridians or collaterals, open both exterior and interior meridian’s Qi and supplement recycle of 12 meridians.

 3, 多选题，1-5个答案可选，选错不得分。

1, Twelve collaterals are come from

A, under the knee

B, Front: Jiu Wei R15: around

C, Behind: Chang Qiang : around head, branch to Foot Tai Yang   

D, Body side : :Da Bao Sp21: chest area

E, Countless , spread whole body

2, Ren collateral is come from

A, under the knee

B, Front: Jiu Wei R15: around

C, Behind: Chang Qiang : around head, branch to Foot Tai Yang   

D, Body side : :Da Bao Sp21: chest area

E, Countless , spread whole body

3, Du collaterals is come from

A, under the knee

B, Front: Jiu Wei R15: around

C, Behind: Chang Qiang : around head, branch to Foot Tai Yang   

D, Body side : Da Bao Sp21: chest area

E, Countless , spread whole body

4, Major collateral of the Spleen is come from

A, under the knee

B, Front: Jiu Wei R15: around

C, Behind: Chang Qiang : around head, branch to Foot Tai Yang   

D, Body side : Da Bao Sp21: chest area

E, Countless , spread whole body

5, Grandson collaterals , floating collaterals   

A, under the knee

B, Front: Jiu Wei R15: around

C, Behind: Chang Qiang : around head, branch to Foot Tai Yang   

D, Body side : Da Bao Sp21: chest area

E, Countless , spread whole body

四、十二经别

IV， Twelve Divergent Meridians

（一） 经别就是别行的正经，十二经别就是从十二经脉另行分出，循行于胸、腹及头部的重要支脉。

（I）Divergent meridians: namely it is the meridians that are separated branch meridians. Twelve divergent meridians are important branch meridians which  separated from twelve meridians, recycled around chest, abdomen and head.

1，定义：是十二经脉离、入、出、合的别行部分，是正经深入体腔（联络脏腑器官）的支脉。

1， Definition: it is separated parts(leaving, entering, going out, connecting ) of twelve meridians and branch meridians which the meridian enters deep organs.

2，命名：其名称以所别出的经脉名称而命名。  

2，Name : according to separated meridian’s name

3，循行分布：具有离、入、出、合的特点

3，Recycle and distribution: leaving, entering, going out and connecting

Ø 离 —— 从十二经脉分出称“离”（别）——四肢肘膝上下

Leaving----- separating from twelve meridians ---- four limb, under the elbow or knee

Ø 入 ——进入胸腹腔称“入”

Entering-----entering chest and abdomen organs

     出 ——于头颈部出来称“出”

Going out----- going out, taking off from head

     合 ——与表里经别同行称“合”   各会合于相表里的阳经　 

Connecting----combining with exterior and interior meridians together. They are combining with Yang meridian of being exterior and interior.

（二）十二经别循行示意图

（II）Picture : Twelve divergent meridians recycle

（三）经别循行

（III）Basic recycle

1， 特点：离、入、出、合。

1，Characteristics: leaving, entering, going out, connecting

2，基本规律是从四肢肘膝关节附近的正经“离”，经过躯干深“入”相关的脏腑，再浅“出”头项，“合”于阳经。故称为“六合”。

2，Basic rule: separated from the four limb  around elbow or knee meridian, passed body trunk into deep Zang-Fu, then gone out to head area, finally connected in Yang meridians. So called “Six connection”   

（四）临床意义：

（IV）Clinical significance 

1、加强了十二经脉对头面的联系， 因为阴经和阳经经别（别行的支脉）均上浅出颈部而上达头面，这样，就加强了阴经经脉同头面部的联系，手足三阴经穴本不分布于头（而是胸走手和足内腹）而能治头面，五官的疾病，就是因为其经别与头面部的内在联系.  

1, Strengthening head area and  relationship of  twelve meridian because Yin and Yang’s divergent meridians all go up from neck to head area. In this way, strengthening connections between Yin meridians and head area. Three Yin meridians of Hand  and Foot didn’t go up to head originally,( from chest to hand and foot lateral side  or abdomen ) but they can treat  diseases on head, orifices, the key is the divergent meridians that connect with head area in interior.

2、加强了足三阴、足三阳经与心脏的联系，补充了十二经脉在体内外循行的不足，足三阴、足三阳的经别上行经过腹胸除加强了腹腔内脏腑的表里联系之外，又都与胸腔内的心脏相联系.

2,Strengthen relationship between heart and Three Yin of Foot and Three Yang of Foot, supplementing powder which twelve meridians are limited recycle on exterior. When  divergent meridians of Three Yin of Foot and Three Yang of Foot pass chest and abdomen area, they  not only strengthen  relationship of exterior and interior in abdominal Zang-Fu

but also take part in relationship with heart in chest area.

Diction of vocabulary

离 ：Leaving

入 ：Entering

出：Going out

合：Connecting

Quiz of Twelve Divergent Meridians

1， 中翻英

加强了十二经脉对头面的联系， 因为阴经和阳经经别（别行的支脉）均上浅出颈部而上达头面，这样，就加强了阴经经脉同头面部的联系，手足三阴经穴本不分布于头（而是胸走手和足内腹）而能治头面，五官的疾病，就是因为其经别与头面部的内在联系

2， 英翻中

Strengthen relationship between heart and Three Yin of Foot and Three Yang of Foot, supplementing powder which twelve meridians are limited recycle on exterior. When  divergent meridians of Three Yin of Foot and Three Yang of Foot pass chest and abdomen area, they  not only strengthen  relationship of exterior and interior in abdominal Zang-Fu

but also take part in relationship with heart in chest area.

3， 多选题，可选1-5答案。答错不给分。

1, Twelve Divergent Meridian’s Li is

A, Leaving----- separating from twelve meridians ---- four limb, under the elbow or knee

B, Entering-----entering chest and abdomen organs

C, Going out----- going out, taking off from head

D, Connecting----combining with exterior and interior meridians together. They are combining with Yang meridian of being exterior and interior.

2, Twelve Divergent Meridian’s He is

A, Leaving----- separating from twelve meridians ---- four limb, under the elbow or knee

B, Entering-----entering chest and abdomen organs

C, Going out----- going out, taking off from head

D, Connecting----combining with exterior and interior meridians together. They are combining with Yang meridian of being exterior and interior.

3, Twelve Divergent Meridian’s Chu is

A, Leaving----- separating from twelve meridians ---- four limb, under the elbow or knee

B, Entering-----entering chest and abdomen organs

C, Going out----- going out, taking off from head

D, Connecting----combining with exterior and interior meridians together. They are combining with Yang meridian of being exterior and interior.

4, Twelve Divergent Meridian’s Li is

A, Leaving----- separating from twelve meridians ---- four limb, under the elbow or knee

B, Entering-----entering chest and abdomen organs

C, Going out----- going out, taking off from head

D, Connecting----combining with exterior and interior meridians together. They are combining with Yang meridian of being exterior and interior.

 五、十二经筋
V，Twelve Muscle Regions

 （一）概念：concept

经筋是十二经脉连属于筋肉的体系，是十二经脉的外周连属部分，亦就是说，古人将全身之筋肉，按十二经脉循行部位划分为十二组肌肉群，仍以手足三阴三阳之名称之，故谓之十二经筋。

（I）Muscle regions is system of twelve meridians’ muscle and tendon and periphery parts of twelve meridians. That is to say ancient people divided  12 muscle groups according twelve meridians recycle. Still called Three Yin of  Hand- Foot and Three Yang of Hang-Foot. So it is named  Twelve Muscle Regions

（二）循行特点：其循行走向均从四肢未端走向头身，行于体表不入内脏，结聚于关节骨骼部。

（II）Characteristic of recycle: moving  the end of four limb to head and body,  exterior instead of instead of interior, concentrating knee joint area.  

（三）功能：主要是约束骨胳，利于关节屈伸活动，保持人体正常的运动功能，所以关节、肌肉的失用多归于经筋病变。经筋的病候多表现为拘挛，强直和抽搐等症。

（III）Action: controlling muscle, benefiting joint movement, maintaining body’s normal movement. So around muscle sick mostly belongs to Muscle Region reasons.

十二经筋—主运动

Twelve Muscle Regions--- govern movement 

（四）定义：是指与十二经脉相应的筋肉部分    ——十二经脉之气结聚散络于筋肉关节的体系

（IV）Definition: related  twelve meridians’ muscle parts---muscle, tendon, joint system of twelve meridians’ Qi, connecting, getting together, scattering

1，命名：随所辖经脉而命名。  

1，Name: according the meridian which is in charge of

2，循行分布：与经脉体表循行通路基本一致

2，Recycle and distribution: almost same meridians on surface exterior recycle

3，走向：均从四肢末端走向头面、胸腹。行于体表，不入内脏

3，Direction: all from end of  four limb to head, chest and abdomen. On exterior instead of instead of interior.

Ø 手足三阳之筋都到头目

Tendons or Three Yang of Hang-Foot are to head and eyes

Ø 手三阴之筋到胸膈

 Tendons of  Three Yin of  Hand are to  chest and diaphragm 

Ø 足三阴之筋到阴部

Tendons of  Three Yin of Foot  are to  private area  

4，  分类：刚筋和柔筋。

4，Classification: steel tendon and soft tendon.

5，作用：联结筋肉，约束骨骼，利于关节的屈伸，保持人体正常的运动功能

5，Action: connect tendon, controlling bone, benefiting extension of joint, maintaining body’s normal   movement 

Dictation of vocabulary

手足三阳之筋都到头目:Tendons or Three Yang of Hang-Foot are to head and eyes

手三阴之筋到胸膈:Tendons of  Three Yin of  Hand are to  chest and diaphragm 

足三阴之筋到阴部:Tendons of  Three Yin of Foot  are to  private area  

十二经筋: Twelve Muscle Regions

主运: govern movement 

Quiz of Twelve Muscle Regions

1， 中翻英

经筋是十二经脉连属于筋肉的体系，是十二经脉的外周连属部分，亦就是说，古人将全身之筋肉，按十二经脉循行部位划分为十二组肌肉群，仍以手足三阴三阳之名称之，故谓之十二经筋。

2， 英翻中

Direction: all from end of  four limb to head, chest and abdomen. On exterior instead of instead of interior.. 

Action: controlling muscle, benefiting joint movement, maintaining body’s normal movement. So around muscle sick mostly belongs to Muscle Region reasons.

 3， 多选题，可选1-5答案。答错不给分

1, Tendons or Three Yang of Hang-Foot are___________________

A, Chest to hand

B, to head and eyes

C, to  chest and diaphragm

D, to  private area  

2, Tendons of  Three Yin of  Hand are___________________

A, Chest to hand

B, to head and eyes

C, to  chest and diaphragm

D, to  private area  

3, Tendons of  Three Yin of  Foot are___________________

A, Chest to hand

B, to head and eyes

C, to  chest and diaphragm

D, to  private area  

4, Three Yin meridians of Hand Yin are from

A,  Chest to hand

B, to head and eyes

C, to  chest and diaphragm

D, to  private area  

六，十二皮部

VI， Twelve Cutaneous Regions

（一）概念：是十二经脉功能活动反映于体表的部位，也是络脉之气散布之所在。

（I）Concept: it is the exterior parts which 12 meridians’ function and activities shows as well as distribution of collateral’s Qi

（二） 特点：分布区域以十二经脉在体表的分布范围.

（II）Characteristic : 12 meridians’ exterior distribution on body’s surface.

（三） 作用：卫外的屏障

（III）Action :  protective screen for anti exterior evils

Dictation of vocabulary

十二皮部: Twelve Cutaneous Regions

 Quiz of Twelve Cutaneous Regions

1， 中翻英

 2， 英翻中

Concept: it is the exterior parts which 12 meridians’ function and activities shows as well as distribution of collateral’s Qi

 3，   填空题

1, Twelve Cutaneous Region ‘s  characteristic is ( 12 meridians’ exterior distribution on body’s surface.)

2, Twelve Cutaneous Region ‘s  action is  (protective screen for anti exterior evils  )

第二节 经络的标本、根结、气街、四海

 The Second section (Ben) Root and (Biao)branch of meridian,  position of (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians, Meridian –Qi streets , Four seas

一，标本：

I (Ben) Root and （Biao） Branch of Meridian 

1， 标: 树梢，上部, 对应人体头面胸背的位置。

1，（Biao） Branch： end of tree, upper parts, response of  positions of people ‘s head, face, chest and back

2，本：树根，下部， 对应人体四肢下端

2，(Ben) Root: root of tree, lower parts, response to human’s lower  four limbs

3, 标本：概念为主要指经脉腧穴分布部位的上下对应关系。标引申为上部，与人体头面胸背的位置相应（头面五官和躯干部包括背俞穴），本引申为下部，与人体四肢下端相应（肘膝关节以下腧穴）。

3, (Ben) Root and Branch（Biao） of Meridian: concept is to make a point upper and lower response relationship of meridians’ distribution on body. Branch means to go up, response to people’s head, face, chest and abdomen areas. ( head, face, trunk of body including back Shu points).

Root means to go down, response to people’s end of four limbs. (under the elbow, knee points )

4，标本的意义：

4，Significance of  (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians-Qi and(Ben)Root and (Biao)branch of meridian

二，根结

II，(Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians

（一） 根结的定义

（I）definition of “(Gen) starting and (Jie) ending

“根结”: 指经气的所起所归,反应出经气上下两极间的关系。 .

 “(Gen) starting and (Jie)ending”: shows starting and ending points of meridian’s Qi and relationship of meridian Qi’s two poles.  Root is basic quality and starting.  

1，根是根本,开始,四肢末端的井穴

1，Root is basic quality and starting. It is  Jing (Well) point of four limbs.

2，结:结聚,归结,即头,胸部.

2，(Jie) Ending: ending together, final, namely chest and abdominal area.

3，根结用于经络，其含义则应理解为经脉之根起始于四末，沿其经循行向上，联系并终止于头面躯干； 指经气的所起与所归，反映出经气的上下两极间的关系。

3，(Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians be used in meridians, it means meridian’s root starts end of four limbs, along its meridian go up and stops on head, face and body’s trunk.  

4，“四根三结”。根指根本开始，即四肢末端的井穴，结指结聚、归结，即头、胸、腹。

4,“(Si Gen San Jie ) Four root and tree connections” means starting from Jing (well) points at end of four limbs, ending from head, chest and abdomen.

二，根结与标本的比较：

Comparisons of Position of (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians and (Ben)Root and (Biao)Branch of Meridian 

足三阴三阳根结表(灵枢－根结论述)

Table of Position of (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians for Three Yin and Three Yang of Foot(Ling Shu)

Table of Position of (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians for Three Yin and Three Yang of Foot (Ling Shu)

三，气街   

III， (Qi Jie ) Meridian-Qi streets  

1，气街：概念为是经气聚集运行的共同通路(Meridian-Qi streets)

1，(Qi Jie ) Meridian-Qi streets：concept is common channel of Meridian Qi’s concentration and movement.

2，气街的作用：是在十二经脉气血运行于四肢末端时，因卒逢大寒或其他风邪侵袭而受阻，经气沿气街，这个通络复还原而不失终而复始之循环；Action of (Qi Jie ) Meridian-Qi streets is 2，When 12 meridians’ Qi and blood carry to end of four limbs,  the meridians’ Qi passes  (Qi Jie ) Meridian-Qi streets to recycle instead of stopping due to  blockage of  chill or other wind cold attacking .

四，“四海”(Four seas)，海，百川汇聚之所谓之海，经络学说将气血汇聚之所比作海；四海及其所通穴位。

IV，“(Si Hai) Four Seas”, Sea comes from hundreds of rivers together called sea. Meridian speaking let Qi and Blood concentrate together as a sea, four seas and related points.

四海及其所通穴位表

Four Seas and related acupoints table.

Dictation of vocabulary

标: （Biao） Branch：  

本：(Ben) Root:

标本：Branch（Biao）and  (Ben) Root and Branch  

根结(Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians

四根三结” “(Si Gen San Jie ) Four root and tree connections”

气街:(Qi Jie ) Meridian-Qi streets

“四海”:(Four seas)

Quit of (Gen)starting and (Jie)ending meridians

1， 中翻英

(1)根结用于经络，其含义则应理解为经脉之根起始于四末，沿其经循行向上，联系并终止于头面躯干； 指经气的所起与所归，反映出经气的上下两极间的关系。

(2)气街的作用：是在十二经脉气血运行于四肢末端时，因卒逢大寒或其他风邪侵袭而受阻，经气沿气街，这个通络复还原而不失终而复始之循环 

(3“四海”(Four seas)，海，百川汇聚之所谓之海，经络学说将气血汇聚之所比作海；四海及其所通穴位。

 2， 英翻中

(1) (Ben) Root and Branch（Biao） of Meridian: concept is to make a point upper and lower response relationship of meridians’ distribution on body. Branch means to go up, response to people’s head, face, chest and abdomen areas. ( head, face, trunk of body including back Shu points).

Root means to go down, response to people’s end of four limbs. (under the elbow, knee points )

(2)“(Si Gen San Jie ) Four root and tree connections” means starting from Jing (well) points at end of four limbs, ending from head, chest and abdomen.

(3) Fields of Biao(branch) and Ben(root) are more wide than Gen(starting ) and Jie (ending )

  Biao(branch) and Ben(root) strengthen relationship of meridians’ upper  and lower positions.

Gen(starting ) and Jie (ending ) strengthen connections between both the poles of meridian Qi

 3，   多选题，可有1-5 选择。选错不得分。 

1, Brain is __________________

A, as a sea of water and nutrition

B, as a marrow sea

C, as a  Qi Hai

D, as a  blood sea

2, Stomach is ____________________

A, as a sea of water and nutrition

B, as a marrow sea

C, as a  Qi Hai

D, as a  blood sea

3, Shan Zhong （R17）is_________________

A, as a sea of water and nutrition

B, as a marrow sea

C, as a  Qi Hai

D, as a  blood sea

4, Chong meridian is ____________

A, as a sea of water and nutrition

B, as a marrow sea

C, as a  Qi Hai

D, as a  blood sea

5, Brain is related acupoints with _________

A, Bai Hui (Du 20), Feng Fu （Du 15）

B, Around upper or down Spine is related acupoints with, Ren Ying (St 9)

C, Da Shu BL11， Shang Ju Xu（ St37）, Xia Ju Xu （St39）

D, Slight upper of inguen  , 5 cun under navel, 2 cun far  from middle line of body

Qi Chong (St 30)

6, Stomach is related acupoints with ____________________

A, Hui (Du 20), Feng Fu （Du 15）

B, Around upper or down Spine, Ren Ying (St 9)

C, Da Shu BL11， Shang Ju Xu（ St37）, Xia Ju Xu （St39）

D, Slight upper of inguen  , 5 cun under navel, 2 cun far  from middle line of body

Qi Chong (St 30)

7, Shan Zhong （R17）is related acupoints with _________________

A, Hui (Du 20), Feng Fu （Du 15）

B, Around upper or down Spine, Ren Ying (St 9)

C, Da Shu BL11， Shang Ju Xu（ St37）, Xia Ju Xu （St39）

D, Slight upper of inguen  , 5 cun under navel, 2 cun far  from middle line of body

Qi Chong (St 30)

8, Chong is related acupoints with ____________

A, Hui (Du 20), Feng Fu （Du 15）

B, Around upper or down Spine, Ren Ying (St 9)

C, Da Shu BL11， Shang Ju Xu（ St37）, Xia Ju Xu （St39）

D, Slight upper of inguen  , 5 cun under navel, 2 cun far  from middle line of body

Qi Chong (St 30)

 9, Position of (Gen)starting of Tai Yang is at

A,Zhi Yin BL 67

B,Li Dui St 45

C, Yong Quan K1

D, Qiao Yin Gb44

10, Position of (Gen)starting of Shao Yin is at

A,Zhi Yin BL 67

B,Li Dui St 45

C, Yong Quan K1

D, Qiao Yin Gb44

11, Position of (Gen)starting of Shao Yang is at

A,Zhi Yin BL 67

B,Li Dui St 45

C, Yong Quan K1

D, Qiao Yin Gb44

12, Position of (Gen)starting of Yang Ming is at

A,Zhi Yin BL 67

B,Li Dui St 45

C, Yong Quan K1

D, Qiao Yin Gb44

第三节、经络的作用和经络学说的临床运用

一，经络的作用

（一） 联系脏腑，沟通内外

（二） 运行气血， 营养全身

（三） 抗御 病邪，保卫机体

二，经络学说的临床应用

 （一）说明病理变化

（I）Explain pathological change

1，在正常生理情况下，经络有运行气血，感应传导的作用，而在发生病变时，经络就成为传递病邪和反映病变的途径.

1，Meridians have functions which can carry Qi and blood and transfer reaction  in normal situation. But it is a path which transfers diseases when getting sick

2，皮腠理→络脉→经脉→脏腑

2，Skin pore →collaterals →meridians →Zang- Fu

 （二）指导辩证归经

（II）Direct differentiation and channel tropism 

1，如两胁疼痛，多为肝胆疾患；缺盆中痛，常是肺脏的病变。

1，For example , both rib pain due to liver or gallbladder’s sick, Que Pen (St 12) pain due to lung sick  

2，头痛：前额→阳明经；两侧→少阳经；后头部头项部→太阳经；巅顶→厥阴经

2，Headache: front→Yang Ming meridian sick, both side of head sick → Shao Yang meridian sick , behind head sick→ Tai Yang meridian sick, top of head→ Jue Yin meridian sick  

（三）指导临床治疗

（III）Direct clinical treatment

1，上述的头痛：前额→合谷

1，All the above headaches: front → He Gu (LI4)

2，两侧→外关

2，Both side of headaches: →Wai Guan (SJ5)

3，后头及项部→后溪

3，Behind headaches and neck →Hou Xi (Ub62)

4，巅顶→太冲

4，Top of headaches→ Tai Chong LR3

5，“引经报使”理论，如治头痛

5，Guild herb, for example , treat headache

6，太阳—羌活；阳明—白芷；少阳—柴胡

6，Tai Yang headaches- Qiang Huo, Yang Ming headache-Bai Zhi,  Shao Yang Headache- Chaihu

Quiz of Direct clinical treatment

1，For All the above headaches, best point is ____________________ .

A, He Gu (LI4)

B, Hou Xi (Ub62)

C, Wai Guan (SJ5)

D, Chaihu

E, Tai Chong (LR3)

2，For both side headaches, best point is ____________________ .

A, He Gu (LI4)

B, Hou Xi (Ub62)

C, Wai Guan (SJ5)

D, Chaihu

E, Tai Chong (LR3)

3， For behind headaches and neck, best point is _______________ .

A, He Gu (LI4)

B, Hou Xi (Ub62)

C, Wai Guan (SJ5)

D, Chaihu

E, Tai Chong (LR3)

4， For top of headaches, best point is _______________ .

A, He Gu (LI4)

B, Hou Xi (Ub62)

C, Wai Guan (SJ5)

D, Chaihu

E, Tai Chong (LR3)

5, The below same action of Spoint is

A, He Gu (LI4)

B, Hou Xi (Ub62)

C, Wai Guan (SJ5)

D, Chaihu

E, Tai Chong (LR3)

5，“引经报使”理论，如治头痛

5，Guild herb, for example , treat headache

6，太阳—羌活；阳明—白芷；少阳—柴胡

6，Tai Yang headaches- Qiang Huo, Yang Ming headache-Bai Zhi,  Shao Yang Headache- Chaihu