第十二章 明尼苏达州中医学院迟程教授云南中医学院针灸学双语

授课要点及重点复习题（第一部分）

绪论 General Introduction, outline

　　1, 针灸学

　　Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion

　　什么是针灸学?

　　What’s the Science of acupuncture and moxibustion?

　　针灸学的定义: Definition of  Science  of Acupuncture and Moxibustion

　　针灸学是以 ， 研究经络，腧穴及刺灸方法， 探讨运用针灸防治疾病规律的一门学科

　　句子结构

　　S V O+ which  ( 3 Attributive clause)

　　针灸学(S)  是(V)  一门学科(O)  which （引出三个个定语从句Attributive clause，）

（1）中医理论为(as) 指导（被动语态），（2）研究 经,络，腧穴,及刺灸(as ) 方法，

（3）探讨运用针灸防治疾病 (as) 规律。

　　Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion （S） is （V） a subject （O）which（ Three Attributive clause，） is （1）based on TCM theory as a guidance,  and （2）studies meridians, collaterals, acupoints, needling and moxa as  methods,  and（3） explores prevention and treatment of disease with acupuncture and moxibustion as rules.

　　正常翻译

　　Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion is a subject which is based on TCM theory as a guidance,  and studies meridians, collaterals, acupoints, needling and moxa as  methods,  and explores prevention and treatment of disease with acupuncture and moxibustion as rules

　　词汇：

　　定义：definition

　　针灸学:Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion

　　研究: study, reaseach,

　　经: acupuncture

　　络:collateral

　　腧穴: acupoint

　　刺：thorn n,prick v, n ,adj , stabn, vt, vi, needle n, vt, vi,stimulate vi, vt

　　灸:moxa n

　　探讨explore, discuss,  probe

　　运用针灸 with acupuncture and moxibustion or using acupuncture and moxibustion

　　防治疾病 prevation and treatment of disease

　　规律 rules, regulation, discipline,  regular pattern

　　一门 a, one,

　　学科 subject

2.针灸学的发展简史。

　　The brief development history of scinece of acupuncture and moxibustion .

　　发展的development

　　简史: brief history

　　①针灸的起源

　　a.The origin of acupuncture.

　　砭石(bian shi)：stone needle

　　新石器时代 The Neolithic Age: 迄今2000-7000年前：2000-7000 years ago

　　骨针 bone needle

　　竹针 bamboo needle

　　金属针 metal needle

　　灸法 moxibustion:

　　火  fire

　　温  warm

　　热  heat， hot

　　艾叶 folium artemisiae argyi

　　②针灸学的发展史及阶段性成就

　　Developmental history and periodical  achievement of Science of Acupuncture and moxibustion

　　发展史 developmental history

　　阶段性成就periodical  achievement

　　(1)足臂十一脉灸经，阴阳十一脉灸经(汉代之前 2100年前)

　　Hand-foot-11 by Moxibustion / Yin and Yang 11 by Moxibustion  （Han Dynast about 2100 years ago）

　　足臂十一脉灸经Hand-foot-11 by Moxibustion

　　阴阳十一脉灸经Yin and Yang 11 by Moxibustion

　　汉代之前Han Dynast ago

　　灸法moxibustion:

　　无针法 no needling

　　(2)黄帝内经Huangdi’s Internal Classic， 阴阳， 脏腑， 经络，气血, 经络循行路线，腧穴，针灸方法等内容。

　　Yin and Yang, Zang Fu, Merdiain and collateral, Qi and Blood, recycle way of meridians, acupoints, method of acupuncture and maxobustion etc.

　　内经Internal Classic

　　阴阳，Yin， Yang

　　脏腑，Zang, Fu ,viscera

　　经络，meridian and collateral

　　气血,  Qi, Blood

　　循行, recycle

　　路线，path, route, way,line,course

　　腧穴, acupoint

　　方法method

　　素问 Plain Question       灵枢 Spiritual Pivot： 《针经》， 针灸理论体系的基本形成. Basical shape of Acupuntural theroetical system

　　《针经》， 《Needle Classic》

　　理论体系 theoretical system

　　基本形成 basical shape

　　(3)难经(黄帝81难经)Difficult Classic/ Classic of Medical Problems。

　　奇经八脉 extra eighte meridians.

　　督脉，Du meridian

　　任脉，Ren meridian

　　冲脉，Chong meridian

　　带脉，Dai meridian

　　阴维脉，Yinwei meridian

　　阳维脉，Yangwei meridian

　　阴跷脉，Yinqiao meridian

　　阳跷脉。Yangqiao meridian

　　原气 original Qi

　　八会穴 eight meeting acupoint 脏Zang，腑Fu，气Qi，血Blood，筋Tendon，脉Pulse, 骨bone，髓marror

　　脏Zang，

　　腑Fu，

　　气Qi，

　　血Blood，

　　筋Tendon，

　　脉Pulse,

　　骨bone，

　　髓marror

　　五输穴 Five Shu Points . 井，荥，输，经，合

　　井，Jing-well point

　　荥，Ying-spring point

　　输，Shu- stream point

　　经，Jing-rever  point

　　合, He-sea point

(4)针灸甲乙经The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion (公元 256-260 )

　　公元the Christian Era , 记录349 穴位。

　　记录 record

　　穴位 point

　　(5)备急千金要方Invaluable Prescriptions for Emergencies 作者孙思邈，（唐代 Tang Dynasty） 绘制“明堂三人图”正面， 侧面，背面十二经， 五中颜色标明。

　　Author: Simiao Sun, Tang Dynasty, drafted “Ming Tang Three People Picture”， included front，side and back with five color.mark

　　作者author

　　孙思邈 Simiao Sun

　　唐代 Tang Dynasty

　　绘制 draft

　　“明堂三人图”

　　正面， front

　　侧面，side

　　背面, back

　　十二经， twelve meridians

　　五种 five kinds

　　颜色 color

　　标明 mark

　　(6)铜人腧穴针灸图经Illustrated Manual of Acupoints on the Bronze Figure(1026), 北宋王惟一，

　　354 points，1027年，设计了两具铜人模型。

　　North Song Dynasty in 1027, Weiyi Wang designed two copper modal of people

　　北宋，   North Song Dynasty

　　王惟一， Weiyi Wang

　　设计     design

　　两具铜人 two copper people

　　模型，   model

　　(7)十四经发挥Elaboration of the Fourteen Meridians, 元代滑伯仁，把督脉，任脉和十二经称为“十四经”

　　Yuan Dynasty, Boren Hua made Du and Ren meridian combined with 12 meridians, so called fourteen meridians.

　　元代 Yuan Dynasty

　　滑伯仁，Boren Hua

　　督脉，Du meridian

　　任脉，Ren meridian

　　十二经, twelve medidians

　　称,    call

　　“十四经”fourteen meridians

(8)针灸大成Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion 明代杨继洲，对针刺进行收集和评述。对针灸学进行第三次总结。

　　Ming Dynasty， Jizhou Yang collected needling methods and comments. He made the third summarization  of  science of  acupuncture and maxobustion

　　明代，Ming Dynasty

　　杨继洲，Jizhou Yang

　　针刺,acupuncture, needling,armature,

　　进行,process

　　收集，collect, collectiong

　　评述，description

　　总结，summary,summarization, sum up

　　Quiz

　　1, Illustrated Manual of Acupoints on the Bronze Figure was made in which year ?

　　A: the Christian Era 256-260         B：the Christian Era 1027

　　C: the Christian Era 1026            D:  Han Dynasty ago

　　E: Ming Dynasty

　　2, Great Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion was made in ____________   .

　　A: the Christian Era 256-260         B：the Christian Era 1027

　　C: the Christian Era 1026            D:  Han Dynasty ago

　　E: Ming Dynasty

　　3,  Hand-foot-11 by Moxibustion / Yin and Yang 11 by Moxibustion was made in __________.

　　A: the Christian Era 256-260         B：the Christian Era 1027

　　C: the Christian Era 1026            D:  Han Dynasty ago

　　E: Ming Dynasty

　　4, North Song Dynasty in _______________, Weiyi Wang designed two copper human modals

　　A: the Christian Era256-260         B：the Christian Era 1027

　　C: the Christian Era 1026            D:  Han Dynasty ago

　　E: Ming Dynasty

　　5, The ABC Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion occurred in__________.

　　A: the Christian Era 256-260         B：the Christian Era 1027

　　C: the Christian Era 1026            D:  Han Dynasty ago

　　E: Ming Dynasty

　　6, 荥穴指____________.

　　A：well point

　　B: spring point

　　C: stream point

　　D: rever  point

　　E: sea point

　　6, 合穴指____________.

　　A; well point

　　B: spring point

　　C: stream point

　　D: rever  point

　　E: sea point

　　7,肢体手足末端的穴位我们称___________.

　　A; well point

　　B: spring point

　　C: stream point

　　D: rever  point

　　E: sea point

　　8, 有输注之意，比喻水流小到大的穴位，我们称___________.

　　A; well point

　　B: spring point

　　C: stream point

　　D: rever  point

　　E: sea point

　9，Extra eighte meridians was come from _________________.

　　A:Difficult Classic/ Classic of Medical Problems.

　　B:stone needle

　　C:Huangdi’s Internal Classic

　　D:Spiritual Pivot

　　E:Elaboration of the Fourteen Meridians

　　10, Which information is matching Yin and Yang, Zang Fu, Merdiain and collateral, Qi and Blood, recycle way of meridians, acupoints, method of acupuncture and maxobustion etc

　　A:Difficult Classic/ Classic of Medical Problems.

　　B:stone needle

　　C:Huangdi’s Internal Classic

　　D:Spiritual Pivot

　　E:Elaboration of the Fourteen Meridians

　　11, Basical shape of Acupuntural theroetical system is related the follow________________.

　　A:Difficult Classic/ Classic of Medical Problems.

　　B:stone needle

　　C:Huangdi’s Internal Classic

　　D:Spiritual Pivot

　　E:Elaboration of the Fourteen Meridians

　　12, Boren Hua made Du and Ren meridian combined with 12 meridians, so called fourteen meridians in the follow book.

　　A:Difficult Classic/ Classic of Medical Problems.

　　B:stone needle

　　C:Huangdi’s Internal Classic

　　D:Spiritual Pivot

　　E:Elaboration of the Fourteen Meridians

　　13, 2000-7000 year ago, which needle was matched as follow

　　A: iron needle

　　B:stone needle

　　C:gold needle

　　D:bamboo needle

　　E:steelness needle