《针灸学》双语教学大纲  中文版

(供五年制中医学专业中医方向，五年制中西医临床医学专业使用)

前言

   《针灸学》是以中医理论为指导，研究经络、腧穴及刺灸方法，探讨运用针灸防治疾病规律的一门学科。其主要内容包括经络、腧穴、刺法灸法与针灸治疗。本课程的教学目的，是使学生掌握针灸学的基础知识、基本理论和基本技能，能够运用针灸疗法防治常见疾病的同时，能准确运用针灸学专业术语进行国际交流;侧重针灸知识的口语表达，兼顾针灸相关文献翻译及阅读，初步能使用中医针灸专业英语进行诊疗活动。

本课程的教学范围以全国统编教材为主，以英汉对照《针灸学》教材为辅

本课程内容包括《绪言》讲授针灸学的起源及发展历史、《上篇》针灸理论，讲授经络总论、腧穴总论及经络腧穴各论;《中篇》针灸技术，讲授刺灸法总论、刺灸法各论;《下篇》针灸应用，讲授治疗总论、治疗各论。加强理论与实践、汉语和英语的适当结合，教学方法以课堂讲授为主。

适用于我校五年制中医学专业中医方向、中西医临床医学专业。

本课程教学时数为90学时(其中理论学时72学时，实践学时18学时)

教学要求

(1)绪言

介绍针灸学的概念、针灸学的针灸学的形成、发展、完善简史，包括针灸学的萌芽时期、针灸学理论体系的肇始时期、针灸学的奠基时期、针灸学的发展时期、针灸学的衰退时期、针灸学的新生时期等各阶段的发展历史，应用多种教学方式及手段使学生了解针灸学的发展过程。重点强调基本概念的英文叙述。英文授课比例20%

(2)经络腧穴总论

内容包括经络系统的组成、经络标本、根结、气街、四海的概念、经络的生理功能和病理变化、经络学说的临床应用、腧穴的命名和分类、腧穴的作用和主治规律、特定穴的意义和临床应用、腧穴的定位方法等。重点强调基本概念的英文叙述及其英译中翻译技巧等，英文授课比例20%～30%

(3)经络腧穴各论

内容主要包括十二经脉、奇经八脉的循行及常用穴位的主治、功效的专业英语描述，由于十二经脉、奇经八脉经络循行较容易表述 ，英文授课比例50%～70%，常用穴位的定位，解剖，主治功效，涉及西医解剖学名词病名，该部分英文授课比例20～40%。学生应掌握用英文描述简单经脉的循行，熟悉复杂经脉的专业表达，掌握常见解剖名词及主治中的病名常规表达。

(4)刺法灸法

内容包括毫针刺法、灸法、拔罐、三棱针、皮肤针、头针、耳针等临床常用针刺方法的操作及注意事项，该部分实践性强，也较容易表述，英文授课比例50%～70%;要求掌握常见针刺方法、灸法及针灸治疗器具等专业英语词汇、操作用语，常用表达等。

(5)治疗

治疗总论部分以中文讲授为主，穿插专业术语的英文解释;治疗各论中按难易程度的不同，采用不同比例的双语教学。临床常见病、多发病采用50%英文比例讲授;疑难病用中英文穿插讲授，英文重点讲授概念及辨证分型。英文授课比例20%～40%。

 《针灸学》双语教学大纲(中文版、英文版)

(五年制中医或中西医临床专业使用)

Bilingual Syllabus of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Science

(Apply to five Year Program TCM Specialty or Intergrated Western and TCM Clinical Major)

Preface

   Acupuncture and moxibustion science is one kind of science which takes the Chinese medicine theory as the instruction, studies the channels and collaterals, the acupoint ,acupuncture and moxibustion method,discusses utilizing acupuncture and moxibustion for prevention and treatment of diseases. Meanwhile, the channels and collaterals, the acupoint ,acupuncture and moxibustion method are the main content. This curriculum's educative purpose is that student must master acupuncture and moxibustion elementary knowledge, theories and the basic skills, be able to utilizing needle therapy for preventing and giving treatment to common diseases ,at the same time, they can conduct international communication accurately by using the acupuncture technical expression; The emphasis should be focused mainly on oral expression of acupuncture knowledge, the proper attention to both acupuncture related terms translation and reading, ability of using the acupuncture professional  English initially for diagnosing and treating. The teaching extent is mainly of teaching scope of the textbook in this course，subsidiary role of English and Chinese control textbook of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Science, enhancing the organic combination of theory and practice,Chinese and English.

90 class hours are assigned for this subject , 72 for theories and 18 for practicing.

Teaching requirement

(1) Introduction

This part is consisted of the definition of acupuncture science, a brief history of acupuncture and moxibustion’s formation, development, improvement, which includs various of historical development stages: rudimentary period, beginning, foundation, development ,declining, and newborn.Many kinds of teaching methods are available to make the student understand the development of acupuncture and moxibustion. Key emphasis should be focused on English narration of basic concepts. English teaching occupies 20% proportion of each class hour.

(2) General remarks of channels and collaterals

The content includes the channels and collaterals system's composition, the conception of Meridians and collaterals specimen, starting and terminal point of meridian, qi pathway,four seas, meridian and collateral’s physiological function and pathological change , clinical application of channels and collaterals theory , acupoint name and classification ,the function and application rule, specific acupoint’s significance and its clinical usage, acupoint location methods. The basic concept's English narration and translation skill from Chinese term into English are stressed, 20%~30% English teaching proportion rate is appropriate.

(3) Channels and collaterals

The content mainly includes the running way of the twelve meridians, eight extra meridians and professional English narration to function and application of commonly used acupoint, for the relatively easy description of twelve meridians, eight extra meridians, thus English teaching proportion for this part can be in the rate of 50%~70%. With regard to the commonly used acupuncture point's location, the anatomy, function, application，it is relatively difficult as it involves western medicine anatomy terms and medical names of diseases, hence , this part of English teaching proportion get 20~40% . The students are required to describe the meridian running course in English, and be familiar with translation of complex meridian, grasp the common expressions of common anatomy term and name of diseases which appear inside the function of acupoint.

(4) Method of puncture and moxibustion

The content include the operation and matters need attention of filiform needle puncture method, moxibustion , cupping method, three-edged needling, manipulation of dermal needle,scalp acupuncture , ear acupuncture and so forth. It is practical and easy to express, 50%～70% rate of English teaching is desired.

Professional English vocabularies, operation usages and expressions should be mastered, such as common acupuncture methods, moxibustion and acupuncture equipment.

 (5) Specific discussions of treatment

Chinese is mainly spoken in teaching, alternating with professional English terms. Bilingual are spoken in accordance to the difficulty.  50%  English teaching is desired  for the common and frequently-occurring clinical disease, however,   Chinese and English  should be alternated with complex diseases,   English is mainly for explaining concept and differentiation of syndromes, which accounts for 20%～40%.